IMPORTANT UPCOMING EXAMS QUESTIONS SSC, UPSC, KVS, RAILWAYS

 IMPORTANT UPCOMING EXAMS QUESTIONS 

QUESTION1. Which one of the following is not an enzyme?

(1)Amylase

(2)Pepsin

(3)Somatotrophin

(4)Trypsin

Answer1.(3)Somatotrophin

Important Info:

Amylase: @ is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion.

@An Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive systems of humans and many other animals, where it helps digest the proteins in food.

@Somatotrophin also known as Growth hormone (GH),  (or as human growth hormone[hGH or HGH] in its human form), is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. 

@Trypsin  The enzyme called trypsin, present in the pancreatic juice is essential for efficient protein digestion. Trypsin is available in high quantity in pancreases and can be purified rather easily. Hence, it has been used widely in various biotechnological processes.


Question2: Which nutrient is digested first in the mouth?
(1)Protein
(2)Carbohydrates
(3)Fat
(4)Vitamin
Answer:(2)Carbohydrates

Important Info: 

@Proteins are broken down into their basic units, called amino acids. Amino acids are absorbed through the small intestine wall and used by your body to build cellular structures and components. Protein digestion begins in the stomach with the action of an enzyme that we previously learned about called pepsin.

@Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth. The salivary glands in the mouth secrete saliva, which helps to moisten the food. The food is then chewed while the salivary glands also release the enzyme salivary amylase, which begins the process of breaking down the polysaccharides in the carbohydrate food.

@Fats are mainly digested in the small intestine. The presence of fat in the small intestine produces hormones that stimulate the release of pancreatic lipase from the pancreas and bile from the liver which helps in the emulsification of fats for absorption of fatty acids.

@Digestion of vitamins and minerals begins in your mouth when you chew your food. As food enters the stomach, hydrochloric acid and other stomach enzymes help release its nutrients. Your pancreas helps by releasing bile that aids with digestion. From this point, the vitamins and minerals travel to the small intestine, where they are absorbed into the bloodstream. Your blood carries the nutrients to your liver, where they are used up immediately, stored for later use or sent to the kidneys for excretion through urine.

Question3: Which chemical is used for purification of water?

(1) Potassium sulfate
(2) Potassium permanganate
(3) Sulphuric Acid 
(4) Nitric Acid
Answer:(2)Potassium permanganate

Important Info:
@Potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄) The chemical compound is commonly used in fertilizers, providing both potassium and sulfur.

@Potassium permanganate treats many skin infections, Potassium permanganate foot soaks treat fungal infections such as athlete's foot. potassium permanganate solution is also used to disinfect, dry and cleanse weeping wounds, ulcers, abscesses and other blistering skin conditions to prepare them for further treatment.

@The major use of sulfuric acid is in the production of fertilizers.sulfuric acid is used to make phosphoric acid, used, in turn, to make the phosphate fertilizers. Sulfuric acid is commonly known as the king of chemicals. Sulfuric acid has many uses in different industries, such as mineral processing, petroleum refining, fertilizer production, wastewater processing, etc. It is also used in the production of cleaning agents, dyes, pigments, drugs, detergents, and explosives.

@Nitric acid is used in the production of ammonium nitrate for fertilizers, making plastics, and in the manufacture of dyes. It is also used for making explosives such as nitroglycerin and TNT. When it is combined with hydrochloric acid, an element called aqua regia is formed.


Question4: Which chemical is mainly responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere?
(1) Sulphur dioxide
(2) Chlorofluorocarbon
(3) Carbon dioxide 
(4) Nitrus oxide
Answer:(2)Chlorofluorocarbon
Important Info:
@Sulpfur dioxide is the chemical compound having formula SO
2. It is a toxic gas with a pungent, irritating smell. It is released naturally by volcanic activity and is produced as a by-product of the burning of fossil fuels contaminated with sulfur compounds.

@Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are nontoxic, nonflammable chemicals containing atoms of carbon, chlorine, and fluorine. They are used in the manufacture of aerosol sprays, blowing agents for foams and packing materials, as solvents, and as refrigerants. Man-made CFCs are the main cause of stratospheric ozone depletion.

@Though living things emit carbon dioxide when they breathe, carbon dioxide is widely considered to be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power plants, and other human activities that involve the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline and natural gas.

@Nitrous oxide, sometimes called “laughing gas, Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic.

Question5: Who will discharge the function of the President if for any reason both the offices of the President and the Vice President fall vacant? 
(1) Attorney General 
(2) Speaker of the Lok Sabha 
(3)Chief justice of India 
(4)Chief Election Commissioner 
Answer:(3) Chief justice of India

Important Info:

@ The Attorney General for India is the Indian government's chief legal adviser and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India. He is appointed by the President of India under Article 76(1) of the Constitution and holds office during the pleasure of the President.

@The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker is chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.

The Chief Justice of India (CJI) is the head of the judiciary of India and the Supreme Court of India. The CJI also heads their administrative functions. As head of the supreme court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches which deal with important matters of law.

@The Chief Election Commissioner heads the Election Commission of India, a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the national and state legislatures and of President and Vice-President. Chief Election Commissioner of India is usually a member of the Indian Civil Service and mostly from the Indian Administrative Service. It is very difficult to remove the authority of the Chief Election Commissioner once appointed by the president, as two-thirds of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha need to vote against him for disorderly conduct or improper actions.

Question6. Dry point settlements are common in 
(1) Deserts 
(2) Plateaus 
(3) Mountain regions 
(4) Deltas . 
Answers:
Important Info
In geography, a dry point is an area of a firm or flood-free ground in an area of wetland, marsh or floodplains. A dry point has the advantages of flood protection, fertile soil (due to previous floodings which would have deposited silt on the land) and fairly flat land which is ideal for agriculture and building.


Question7. The planet Jupiter takes about to complete one revolution in its orbit around the Sun. 
(1) 248 years 
(2) 11.86 years 
(3) 84 years 
(4)165 years
Answers:
Important Info:
The average distance between Jupiter and the Sun is 778 million km and it completes an orbit every 11.86 years so one year on Jupiter is equal to 12 years on Earth. Jupiter's day is only about 10 hours long. Jupiter's orbit around the sun is elliptical, or oval-shaped.


Question8. Which one of the following books is not written by Munshi Prem Chand? 
(A) Rangbhoomi 
(B) Prem Pachisi 
(C) Vishkanya 
(4) Kayakalp 
Answer:
Important Info:
@Rangbhumi is written by Munshi Prem Chand which depicts most graphically the devastation of peasant society and agriculture under colonial rule.

@Prem Chand Prem Chand is the author of 'Prem Pachisi'.

@“Vishkanya” is a fantastic novel written by Shree Surendra Mohan Pathak.

@Kayakalp  is written by Munshi Prem Chand.



Question9. The natural dye present in turmeric a known as 
(A) Cinnamon 
(B) Phenolphthalein 
(C) Methyl orange
(D) Curcumin
Answer:
Important Info:
@Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus Cinnamomum. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfast cereals, snack foods, tea and traditional foods.

@Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid-base titrations. For this application, it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions.

@Methyl orange is a pH indicator frequently used in titration because of its clear and distinct colour variance at different pH values. Methyl orange shows pink colour in acidic medium and yellow colour in basic medium.

@Curcumin is a yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of Curcuma paper and the detection of boron.



Question10. Who was the first to observe Sun spots?
(A) Galileo 
(B) Halley 
(C) Newton 
(D)None of these 
Answer:
Important Info:
@Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei provided a number of scientific insights that laid the foundation for future scientists. His investigation of the laws of motion and improvements on the telescope helped further the understanding of the world and universe around him.

@Edmond (or Edmund) Halley was an English scientist who is best known for predicting the orbit of the comet that was later named after him.

@Sir Issac Newton (1643- 1726) was an English mathematician, physicist, and scientist. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of all time, developing new laws of mechanics, gravity, and laws of motion.